Aeolian activity in northern Amazonia: optical dating of Late Pleistocene and Holocene palaeodunes     

Richard M. Teeuw  Edward J. Rhodes 《第四纪科学杂志》2004,19(1):49-54

Palaeodunes were examined on the eastern margin of the Rio Branco–Rupununi savanna, northeast Amazonia. Optical dating suggests that the onset of aeolian activity was between 17 000 and 15 000 yr ago, just after the Last Glacial Maximum. Both the palaeodune axes and modern dominant wind directions have northeast to east‐northeast directions, implying no significant shift in atmospheric circulation patterns over northeast Amazonia during the Late Pleistocene to Holocene. Major regional climate change events, such as the Younger Dryas, do not appear to have had any effect on the rates of aeolian deposition at the study site. Aeolian activity appears to have continued to the present day, showing a remarkably constant deposition rate of around 0.13 m kyr^?1 initially, increasing smoothly to the present. Until more palaeodunes in northern Amazonia are dated, it is impossible to determine if this record of gradual aeolian deposition is a reliable regional palaeoclimate indicator, rather than being the result of local bioclimatic and geomorphological effects. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Modelling water infiltration in cracked paddy field soil     

Chen‐Wuing Liu  Shih‐Kai Chen  Cheng‐Shin Jang 《水文研究》2004,18(13):2503-2513

Periodic paddy field flooding is a major source of groundwater recharge. Many paddy fields thus are used as groundwater recharge ponds after harvesting the first crop of the summer. Following rice harvesting, paddy field surfaces may crack into fissures as a result of drainage and exposure to sunlight. Field observation indicates that applying precipitation to the paddy field can increase the rate of infiltration. To quantitatively evaluate the amount of infiltration in a cracked paddy field, this study sets up a simple soil crack model to simulate the field infiltration process. A three‐dimensional groundwater model FEMWATER is adopted to simulate water movement in the paddy field subjected to various crack conditions. Using the field and laboratory data of irrigation water requirements, soil physical properties, hydraulic conductivities and soil profiles obtained from Ten‐Chung, FEMWATER simulates the water movement in the dry cracked paddy. Simulation results show that if the cracks develop extensively and penetrate the ploughed soil, the infiltration rate may increase significantly. The infiltration fluxes of crack with depths of 80, 60 and 27·5 cm are 18·77, 14·50 and 8·06 times higher than that of 20 cm, respectively. The simulation results of cracks with 80 cm depth correlated closely with field observations. The results of the study elucidate the processes of unsaturated water movement in a dry cracked paddy field. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Evaluation of Inference Adequacy in Cumulative Logistic Regression Models: An Empirical Validation of ISWRidge Relationships     

Cheng-Wu CHEN  Hsien-Chueh Peter YANG  Chen-Yuan CHEN  Alex Kung-Hsiung CHANG  Tsung-Hao CHEN   《中国海洋工程》2008,22(1):43-56

Internal solitary wave propagation over a submarine ridge results in energy dissipation, in which the hydrodynamic interaction between a wave and ridge affects marine environment. This study analyzes the effects of ridge height and potential energy during wave-ridge interaction with a binary and cumulative logistic regression model. In testing the Global Null Hypothesis, all values are p 〈0.001, with three statistical methods, such as Likelihood Ratio, Score, and Wald. While comparing with two kinds of models, tests values obtained by cumulative logistic regression models are better than those by binary logistic regression models. Although this study employed cumulative logistic regression model, three probability functions p^1, p^2 and p^3, are utilized for investigating the weighted influence of factors on wave reflection. Deviance and Pearson tests are applied to cheek the goodness-of-fit of the proposed model. The analytical results demonstrated that both ridge height （X1 ） and potential energy （X2 ） significantly impact （p 〈 0. 0001 ） the amplitude-based refleeted rate; the P-values for the deviance and Pearson are all 〉 0.05 （0.2839, 0.3438, respectively）. That is, the goodness-of-fit between ridge height （ X1 ） and potential energy （X2） can further predict parameters under the scenario of the best parsimonious model. Investigation of 6 predictive powers （ R2, Max-rescaled R^2, Sorners＇ D, Gamma, Tau-a, and c, respectively） indicate that these predictive estimates of the proposed model have better predictive ability than ridge height alone, and are very similar to the interaction of ridge height and potential energy. It can be concluded that the goodness-of-fit and prediction ability of the cumulative logistic regression model are better than that of the binary logistic regression model.  相似文献   

昆明高空大气活动与天文视宁度关系初探     

李晓明  赵本忠 《天文研究与技术》1995,(4)

本文初步对比分析了昆明大气探空资料与大气视宁度观测资料之间的相关关系。结果表明，它们之间有着明显的关系和规律，但关系式的确立还需更多的资料分析才能确定。  相似文献   

大珠母贝人工苗育成研究   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

劳赞  欧春晓  梁盛  梁立清 《广东海洋大学学报》2003,23(4):20-24

采用剥落、不剥落、特制附着基 3种育成方式对大珠母贝人工苗进行了研究。结果表明 :在雷州白蝶贝自然保护区 ,用海底沉笼方法对大珠母贝人工苗育成 ,2 10d后壳高达 (5 3.4 0± 0 .5 8)mm时成活率为 76 .5 %。在海南黎安港 ,用 3种不同的育成方式进行对比试验 ,其中 2 0 0 2年特制附着基组 ,成活率明显高于剥落苗组和不剥落苗组 ,180d后在壳高达 (5 8.2 0± 0 .6 3)mm时成活率为70 1% ,批量生产出壳高 5 0mm以上的大珠母贝 11.2× 10 4 个 ,为大珠母贝苗育成开辟了新途径。  相似文献   

一种签字工作流的定义方法研究     

李安志  谭献海  崔蔚  徐永红 《成都信息工程学院学报》2005,20(6):686-689

对签字的基本模型进行了总结，并提出一种有足够建模能力、便于用户理解与计算机实现的签字过程定义方法——带条件的链表描述法。  相似文献   

TEMPORAL SPATIAL VARIATION CHARACTERISTICS OF CRUST DEFORMATION OF ACTIVE TECTONIC BLOCKS IN NORTH CHINA     

Xu Caijun  Li Zhicai  Wang Hua 《大地测量与地球动力学》2003,23(Z1)

1　IntroductionTomonitorthecurrentcrustalmotionandearthquakehazardsinNorthChinaarea,theFirstCrustalMonitoringandApplicationCenter (FC MAC)oftheChinaEarthquakeAdministration(CEA)hasestablishedaGlobalPositioningSystem(GPS)monitoringnetworkinNorthChinaandtheCapital(Beijing)Circlearea .TheobservedstationsaremainlydistributedinthenorthernpartofNorthChinaandCapitalCirclearea (Fig .1 ) .Theregionisbetween 1 0 7°Eand 1 2 2°E (about 1 40 0km) ,andbetween 33°Nand 42°N (about 80 0km) .…  相似文献   

中尺度磁绳结构的行星际观测     

宋其武  吴德金 《天文学报》2004,45(4):381-388

由磁绳结构主导、平均尺度约二、三十个小时的行星际磁云是日冕物质抛射在行星际膨胀、传播的体现。最近，Moldwin等人报道在太阳风中还观测到一些尺度在几十分钟的小尺度磁绳结构，并认为太阳风中的磁绳结构在尺度分布上可能具有双峰特征，在全面检视了WIND卫星(1995年-2000年)和ACE卫星(1998年-2000年)的观测资料后，发现了在行星际太阳风中一些尺度为几个小时的中尺度磁绳结构，利用初步整理的其中28个中尺度磁绳结构事件，认为太阳风中的磁绳结构在尺度分布上可能是连续的，这对行星际太阳风中磁绳结构物理起源的研究可能提出重要的物理限制。  相似文献   

Can late-type active stars be explained by a dipole magnetic trap?     

B.J. Kellett  R. Bingham  R.A. Cairns  V. Tsikoudi 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2002,329(1):102-108

In this paper we review four different types of X-ray and/or radio observations of active late-type stars. We then consider if a single magnetic source configuration – a toroidal dipole magnetic trap – can possibly explain these various different observations. We conclude that, indeed, dipole magnetic confinement (similar to the magnetic configurations of the Earth's radiation belts and the case of Jupiter and the Io torus) can explain all the diverse observational data. We take this to be very strong observational support for this type of magnetic confinement scheme. We also consider that this magnetic configuration is only likely to be established and maintained in the most active stars.  相似文献   

草鱼、鲤鱼肠道、肝胰脏消化酶活性的初步研究     

李广丽  王义强 《广东海洋大学学报》1994,(1)

用两种不同蛋白质和糖类水平的饲料喂养草鱼、鲤鱼夏花及一龄鱼种，通过对两种鱼肝胰脏及肠道的消化酶活性测定发现，在一定温度条件下，随着水温升高，两种鱼肠道及肝胰脏的蛋白酶和淀粉酶比活均升高；鱼类摄食后六小时酶比活明显大于摄食后二十四小时的酶比活，在水温２５℃条件下，用两种不同饲料分别饲养草鱼、鲤鱼六周后发现：随着饲料蛋白质水平的提高，草鱼、鲤鱼肝胰脏中蛋白酶比活明显升高鲤，而总肠变化不显著；随饲料中糖量水平的提高，草鱼肝胰脏及肠道的淀粉酶比活明显升高，而鲤鱼差异不显著．草鱼，鲤鱼肠道蛋白酶比活以后肠最高，中肠次之，前肠最小。而肠道淀粉酶比活性却随饲料成分而发生差异。两种鱼肝胰脏消化酶活性均为一龄鱼种大于夏花阶段，这与组织切片的观察结果相符。  相似文献